What is glaucoma?
There are two types of adult-onset Glaucoma and both refer to an increased abnormal pressure within the eyeball. The rarer form is when an acute attack occurs. Symptoms include a painful, red eye and possible light sensitivity and nausea. The most common form of Glaucoma is the preventable chronic type. Sight is adversely affected if it is not picked up early, the long-term effect being progressively worsening tunnel vision. It is essential to have your eyes screened for glaucoma once you are over the age of 40 years as the relative risk increases from this point. Other factors increasing the risk of glaucoma are diabetes, high levels of short-sightedness, age and family history.
 
Sometimes I see flashing lights, my vision goes 'watery' & I get a headache. Is this an eye problem?
No. You have probably experienced a migraine attack. Your GP would be the best person to advise you on what to do. Flashing lights that seem fairly constant are more serious as this may indicate a problem with your retina. Fairly urgent assessment of your eyes is then required and you should see an ophthalmologist as soon as possible
 
My close-up vision is not as good as it used to be - is this normal?
Yes - this change in your near vision focus happens to everyone and is called Presbyopia. The effect of presbyopia is similar to that of longsightedness, but they are not the same. See Lingo for more information.
 
Can I use any contact lens solutions or fluids for my lenses?
No. Always discuss your solutions with your Optometrist if you are thinking of changing types. It is quite possible to change from one brand of multipurpose solution to another, however, it is not wise to change from a multipurpose solution to a peroxide type where neutralization is required. Many contact lens wearers have made the mistake of using 3% hydrogen peroxide as a multipurpose solution.
 
What is the difference between a squint and astigmatism?
A squint is when one eye is turned either up, down, in or out relative to the other eye. The term 'lazy eye' is sometimes used when the turn is not detected at an early age and left uncorrected. It is essential that any parents noting a turn in their child's eye have them assessed by an Optometrist or eye doctor as soon as possible. The sooner it is treated the better the prognosis for use of this eye in later years. By the time the child has reached 9 years of age, it may already be too late.

Squints are sometimes confused with Astigmatism. Astigmatism is a condition where the shape of the eye is like an egg, whilst a squint refers to a turn in the eye. See Sight Conditions for more information on Astigmatism.
 
 
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There are 16 entries in the glossary.
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Term Definition
20/20 VisionThis is also known as perfect sight where no prescription is required in order to see things clearly and comfortably. The fraction 20/20 is understood as follows: the bottom half represents the distance in meters at which a perfect sighted person is able to see clearly a target seen by another at 20 feet. So if you are perfect sighted you will see at 20 feet exactly what another perfect sighted person will see at 20 feet. However, if you have trouble seeing things in the distance, you might see at 20 feet what a perfect sighted person sees at 40 feet. So this means your vision is measured as 20/40.

Assuming you have perfect sight then when you are looking at something in the distance, light from the object will focus on your retinas very precisely. When seeing something close-up the focusing is blurred very momentarily, but this is unnoticeable because your eye has an automatic refocusing ability that makes the target clear. This refocusing ability is called 'Accommodation' and it works by making the natural lens of the eye fatter, or more convex in shape. As we get older we lose more and more of this ability, which is why things close-up start to blur after about 45 years of plodding on the planet. 

Short-sightedness means that the light focuses in front of your retinas or 'too short' and long-sightedness means it focuses 'behind' or 'too long'
 


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